The Apothecary bar is located on the second floor at Opium and can accommodate up to 30-40 guests seated or standing. The room is elongated in shape and the main Apothecary bar adorned with medicinal bottles (you won’t have to learn Cantonese, we promise!), splits the bar between two areas. To the far left we have an area with higher, stool type seating and to the right we have “Tea parlour” section which has lower, more dining type style tables and chairs. The bar is available for private hires and drinks reception. Exclusive hire of the Apothecary bar includes full waiting staff/bartenders. always carry naloxone for emergencies, and encourage family and friends to learn how to use take home naloxone – a medicine that can reverse the effects of an opioid overdose (more information on naloxone is provided below) · avoid mixing drugs (polydrug use) – mixing opioids with depressant drugs such as alcohol or benzodiazepines can greatly increase the risk of overdose

David William Bebbington (1993). William Ewart Gladstone: Faith and Politics in Victorian Britain. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. pp.108–. ISBN 978-0-8028-0152-4.As the textile industry developed in Britain during the Industrial Revolution, the EIC drove Indian farmers out of cotton cultivation and shutting down Indian weaving operations. [15] :7 The EIC encouraged farmers to cultivate opium instead, over time resulting in opium crops far in excess of the demand for medicinal use. [15] :7 The EIC began auctions of opium in Calcutta to raise revenues. Since importation of opium into China was banned by Chinese law, the EIC established an indirect trading scheme relying partially on legal markets and also leveraging illicit ones. British merchants would first buy tea in Canton ( Guangzhou) on credit. They would pay their debts by selling opium at auction in Calcutta. This opium was then transported to the Chinese coast aboard British ships, where it was sold to native merchants who would sell it in China. According to 19th Century sinologist Edward Parker, there were four types of opium smuggled into China from India: kung pan t'ou (公班土, gongban tu or " Patna"); Pak t'ou (白土, bai tu or " Malwa"); Persian, Kem fa t'ou (金花土, jinhua tu) and the "smaller kong pan", which was of a "dearer sort", i.e. more expensive. [16] A description of the cargo aboard Hercules at Lintin in July 1833 distinguished between "new" and "old" Patna, "new" and "old" Benares, and Malwa; the accounting also specifies the number of chests of each type, and the price per chest. The "chests" [B] contained small balls of opium that had originated in the Indian provinces of Bengal and Madras. Fay, Peter Ward (9 November 2000). The Opium War, 1840-1842: Barbarians in the Celestial Empire in the Early Part of the Nineteenth Century and the War by which They Forced Her Gates Ajar. Univ of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-6136-3. Parker, Edward Harper; Wei, Yuan (1888). 圣武记[ Chinese Account of the Opium War]. The Pagoda Library. Shanghai: Kelly & Walsh.

The first problem for do-it-yourself growers is that it would be hard to plant enough poppies to make an appreciable amount of drug without being noticed, Wankel said. The plants can grow more than 3 feet (0.9 meters) tall and are topped with brightly colored flowers that look a bit like frilly tulips. Any reasonably sized plot of these flowers would easily stand out in terrestrial or aerial surveys done by law enforcement agencies, Wankel said.a b Hammond, Ken (2023). China's Revolution and the Quest for a Socialist Future. New York, NY: 1804 Books. ISBN 9781736850084.

Given the United States' established law enforcement and stiff penalties for manufacturing heroin, most of the country's supply of the drug comes from Latin America, Wankel said. Countries in which the government is ineffective are the most fertile ground for large-scale poppy cultivation, he said. McMahon, Keith (2002). The Fall of the God of Money: Opium Smoking in Nineteenth-Century China. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 0742518027. The problem of heroin addiction goes beyond the drug itself. Overprescription of legal opioid drugs— along with less-than-upstanding doctors and pharmacists who run "pill mills" that prescribe painkillers freely — has helped create widespread addiction to opioids, said Theodore Cicero, a professor of psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis who has researched opioid abuse. (Though only 4 percent of people who misuse prescription pills go on to use heroin, nearly 80 percent of people who become addicted to heroin had used prescription pills first, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse.) P. E. Caquet, “Notions of Addiction in the Time of the First Opium War.” The Historical Journal 58, no. 4 (2015): 1009–29. doi:10.1017/S0018246X14000739.Parrott A, Morinan A, Moss M, Scholey A. Understanding drugs and behaviour. West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2004.

Opium poppy pods hold a milky substance called latex that contains a number of chemicals, including morphine and codeine. 1 Latex is extracted from the opium pods and dried to create opium. Typically, it is be further refined by boiling and drying again. 1, 2 What does it look like? Alfred W. McCoy. "Opium History, 1858 to 1940". Archived from the original on 4 April 2007 . Retrieved 4 May 2007. Presley CC, Lindsley CW. DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: opium, a historical perspective. ACS Chemical Neuroscience. 2018;9(10):2503-18.In 1676, physician Thomas Sydenham made perhaps the biggest impact on society by publishing his recipe for laudanum, sharing his discovery worldwide. As Inglis points out, ‘Opium, through the old manuals, apothecary shops, and increasingly through laudanum, paregoric and Dover’s powder, had found itself a place in almost every home.’ It was so well-liked that it was used for ailments until after the Second World War. Pierre-Arnaud Chouvy (2009). Opium: Uncovering the Politics of the Poppy. Harvard University Press. pp.9–. ISBN 978-0-674-05134-8. a b c Saich, Tony; Van De Ven, Hans J. (4 March 2015). "The Blooming Poppy under the Red Sun: The Yan'an Way and the Opium Trade". New Perspectives on the Chinese Revolution (0ed.). Routledge. pp.263–297. doi: 10.4324/9781315702124. ISBN 978-1-317-46391-7. OCLC 904437646.