A zesty and energising citrus blend of mandarin, orange, grapefruit and lemon intertwined with floral notes and citrus peel.

Vitamin C aka Stay C ® 50 Stable Vitamin C A powerful active that helps to brighten and reduce the appearance of age spots. Hyaluronic Acid aka Hysilk Helps retain moisture for dewier looking skin. Vitamin E Acetate (Tocopheryl Acetate) Rich in anti-oxidants The best facial serums you can buy in 2023 1. Lancome Advanced Genifique Youth Activating Serum: Best luxury facial serum

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Now, while this cleanser is indeed good, I’m not claiming it’ll solve your every beauty woe. I’d take that ‘brightening’ claim with a pinch of salt, as the clear, non-airtight container will render any vitamin C inside pretty much useless (as vitamin C does not play well with light and oxygen). But being realistic, the sole purpose of your cleanser should be to clean your face, leaving it balanced and prepped for any steps that follow.

Swindell W et al. (2021). Tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate (THDC) degrades rapidly under oxidative stress but can be stabilized by acetyl zingerone to enhance collagen production and antioxidant effects. Palm also says, “In clinical studies, tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate has been found to be less inflammatory, reduces redness, decreases pigmentation and uneven discoloration, improves fine lines, and improves skin texture.” SAP (the vit C derivative, not the enterprise software, obvs) is a promising derivative that has great stability up to pH 7. The challenge with it thoughis skin penetration. Unfortunately, it seems to be limited, or to quote a great article from theJournal of Cosmetic Dermatology "topically applied ascorbyl phosphate salts are, at very best, poorly absorbed in comparison with AA". Regarding conversion to AA, there seems to be no data about it, so we can neither deny nor confirm it. Super Facialist is a cruelty-free brand, does not test on animals and never ask others to do so on their behalf. They strive to deliver formulations that help the skin achieve its perfect balance, plus optimum radiance and health. The main concernwith nanoparticles is that they are so tiny that they are absorbedinto the skin more than we want them (ideally sunscreen should remain on the surface of the skin). Once absorbed they might form unwanted complexes with proteins and they might promote the formation of evil free radicals. But do not panic, these are concerns under investigation. A 2009 review article about the safety of nanoparticles summarizes this, "to date, in-vivo and in-vitro studies have not demonstrated percutaneous penetration of nanosized particles in titanium dioxide and zinc oxide sunscreens". The English translation is, so far it looks like sunscreenswith nanoparticlesdo stay on the surface of the skin where they should be.Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. For oily or acne-prone skin, look for serums labeled “noncomedogenic” so that they won’t clog your pores. Palm adds that she recommends that oily skin types use a vitamin C serum formulated with L-ascorbic acid, a more potent form of vitamin C. Dry skin The disadvantage of Titanium Dioxide is that it's not cosmetically elegant, meaning it's a white, "unspreadable" mess. Sunscreens containing Titanium Dioxideare often hard to spread on the skin and they leave a disturbing whitishtint. The cosmetic industry is, of course, really trying to solve this problemand the best solution so far is using nanoparticles. The itsy-bitsy Nano-sized particles improveboth spreadability and reduce the whitish tint a lot, but unfortunately, it also introduces new health concerns.